A Fully Integrated Biorefinery Process for the Valorization of Ulva fasciata into Different Green and Sustainable Value-Added Products

In the framework of a sustainable marine bioeconomy, present work describes an advanced, eco-friendly, fully integrated biorefinery process for Ulva fasciata macroalgae. That would serve as solution ecosystem bioremediation, effective utilization macroalgal resources, and new initiative to promote green low-carbon economy. biomass can be utilized organic fertilizer with total N, P2O5, K2O contents 3.17% C/N ratio 11.71. It also used solid biofuel sufficient calorific value 15.19 MJ/kg. has high carbohydrate content low lignin approximately 44.85% 1.5%, respectively, which recommend its applicability in bioethanol biobutanol production. Its protein, fiber, lipid, ash 13.13%, 9.9%, 3.27%, 21%, respectively relatively concentrations omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) omega-9 (n-9 MUFAs) omega-6 (n-6 n-6/n-3 0.13 food additives animal feeders. Moreover, suggested sequential zero-waste residue yielded 34.89% mineral-rich water extract (MRWE), 2.61% chlorophylla,b, 0.41% carotenoids, 12.55% starch, 3.27% lipids, 22.24% ulvan, 13.37% proteins, 10.66% cellulose dry weight. The efficient biocidal activity extracted ulvan against pathogenic microorganisms sulfate-reducing bacteria recommends application medical purposes, densification, mitigation microbially induced corrosion oil gas industry.